Where the law says
“measure”.

Installed SF₆ switchgear stays in service for decades. Regulation (EU) 2024/573 keeps it legal only if you can show the gas stays inside — a density monitor with automatic alert replaces periodic leak checks.

Methane leaks are no longer an estimate. Regulation (EU) 2024/1787 fixes survey frequencies, detection thresholds and repair deadlines — and requires source- and site-level measurement in the reports.

The revised IED tightens permits to the stricter end of BAT-AEL ranges and asks for environmental management systems. The permit says what to measure, how often, and with what quality assurance — usually EN 14181.

From 2026 the CBAM price is paid on embedded emissions. Default values are expensive; measured, verified emissions are the lever — and measurement-based monitoring means continuous CO₂ measurement in the flue gas.

The recast EPBD makes indoor air quality a building requirement: zero-emission non-residential buildings must have measuring and control devices for IAQ, and major renovations must add them where feasible. CO₂ is the reference parameter.

Two families of rules: exposure limits protect people from toxic gases; ATEX protects the plant from explosions. Both end in a detector with an alarm — and in the record that it was calibrated.

REPowerEU set a 35 bcm/year biomethane ambition for 2030. Every injected cubic metre is measured twice: for the digester and for the grid contract — CH₄ and CO₂ by NDIR, O₂, H₂S and water by other channels.